Delim Converter

Convert lists between comma, pipe, tab, and custom delimiters with advanced options.

Input 0 items

Output 0 items

⚙️ Settings

Tidy Up Remove newlines

Attack clones Remove duplicates

Explode

Quotes

None Double " " Single ' '

Delimiter

Tags

Interval newline every X

Interval Wrap

Wrap Whole Output Adds to the very start/end of the result — handy for ('a','b') or [a, b]

✓ Copied!

Case Converter

Switch between UPPER, lower, Title Case, and Sentence case.

Input

Output

Duplicate Line Remover

Remove duplicate lines, optionally sort alphabetically or by length.

Input

Output

Number Extractor

Extract all integers, decimals, and percentages from text.

Input

Output

Character Counter

Count characters, words, and lines with detailed stats.

Input

Stats

Text Reverser

Reverse strings, words, or the order of lines.

Input

Output

Find & Replace

Bulk replace multiple strings at once — add as many find/replace conditions as you need.

Input

Output

Find & Replace Conditions

Prefix / Suffix Stamper

Add custom prefix and suffix to every line.

Input

Output

Whitespace Trimmer

Strip, collapse, or remove all whitespace. "Clean All" does both trim and collapse in one click.

Input

Output

Column Extractor

Extract specific columns from CSV/TSV data.

Input (CSV/TSV)

Output

Split by Chunk

Split a long string into fixed-width chunks.

Input

Output

Alphabetical Sorter

Sort lines A→Z, Z→A, or by line length.

Input

Output

Escape / Unescape

Escape to HTML entities or JSON strings, or unescape back.

Input

Output

Line Number Stamper

Add incremental line numbers (001, 002, 003...) to each row.

Input

Output

SQL Value Generator

Wrap each line in quotes and join → ('a','b','c')

Input

Output

Date Range Generator

Generate a list of dates between two dates with custom intervals.

Start Date

End Date

Interval

Format

Output

Epoch Converter

Convert Unix timestamps to human-readable dates and vice versa.

Unix Timestamp

Human Date

Result

SQL Formatter

Beautify or minify SQL queries with proper indentation.

Input SQL

Output

CASE Statement Builder

Build SQL CASE WHEN statements one condition at a time — no special syntax to remember.

Column / Expression

Conditions

Else (default value)

Generated SQL

Query Sanitizer

Strip comments, SET statements, and trailing semicolons from SQL.

Input SQL

Output

📌 Sticky Notes

Organize your thoughts, tasks, and ideas with drag-and-drop sticky notes.

📌

Click "+ Add Note" to create your first sticky note.

Text Comparator

Compare two texts and see the differences highlighted.

Text A

Text B

Ignore case Ignore whitespace

Differences

Click "Compare" to see differences highlighted.

Ready to compare

Text Statistics

Get detailed statistics about your text: words, characters, paragraphs, sentences, and more.

Input Text

📝 Words

🔤 Characters

📏 Characters (no spaces)

📄 Sentences

📑 Paragraphs

📃 Lines

📊 Avg word length

📊 Avg sentence length

Detailed Results

SQL Query Templates

Ready-to-use boilerplate for common query patterns — CTEs, joins, date rollups, window functions, and stored procedures. Click Copy and adapt the table/column names.

CTE

Basic CTE (Common Table Expression)

Break a query into a readable, reusable named block.

WITH recent_orders AS (
    SELECT
        customer_id,
        order_id,
        order_date,
        total_amount
    FROM orders
    WHERE order_date >= DATEADD(day, -30, GETDATE())
)
SELECT
    customer_id,
    COUNT(order_id)   AS order_count,
    SUM(total_amount) AS total_spent
FROM recent_orders
GROUP BY customer_id
ORDER BY total_spent DESC;

Recursive CTE (hierarchy / org chart)

Walk a parent-child tree, e.g. an employee/manager hierarchy.

WITH RECURSIVE employee_hierarchy AS (
    -- Anchor: top-level rows (no manager)
    SELECT
        employee_id,
        manager_id,
        employee_name,
        1 AS level
    FROM employees
    WHERE manager_id IS NULL

    UNION ALL

    -- Recursive: join children to their parent's result
    SELECT
        e.employee_id,
        e.manager_id,
        e.employee_name,
        eh.level + 1
    FROM employees e
    INNER JOIN employee_hierarchy eh
        ON e.manager_id = eh.employee_id
)
SELECT *
FROM employee_hierarchy
ORDER BY level, employee_name;
-- Note: SQL Server / Oracle: drop the RECURSIVE keyword (just WITH employee_hierarchy AS (...))

Joins

INNER / LEFT JOIN across multiple tables

Combine orders with customers and line items in one query.

SELECT
    o.order_id,
    c.customer_name,
    o.order_date,
    p.product_name,
    oi.quantity
FROM orders o
INNER JOIN customers c
    ON o.customer_id = c.customer_id
LEFT JOIN order_items oi
    ON o.order_id = oi.order_id
LEFT JOIN products p
    ON oi.product_id = p.product_id
WHERE o.order_date >= '2026-01-01'
ORDER BY o.order_date DESC;

GROUP BY / Dates

Monthly rollup with GROUP BY on a date

Aggregate a date column by month (swap the truncation line for your engine).

SELECT
    DATE_TRUNC('month', order_date) AS order_month,     -- PostgreSQL
    -- FORMAT(order_date, 'yyyy-MM')  AS order_month,    -- SQL Server
    -- DATE_FORMAT(order_date, '%Y-%m') AS order_month,  -- MySQL
    COUNT(*)          AS order_count,
    SUM(total_amount) AS revenue
FROM orders
GROUP BY DATE_TRUNC('month', order_date)
ORDER BY order_month;

Window Functions

ROW_NUMBER + running total

Rank each customer's orders and compute a running total.

SELECT
    customer_id,
    order_id,
    order_date,
    total_amount,
    ROW_NUMBER() OVER (
        PARTITION BY customer_id
        ORDER BY order_date DESC
    ) AS order_rank,
    SUM(total_amount) OVER (
        PARTITION BY customer_id
        ORDER BY order_date
        ROWS BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND CURRENT ROW
    ) AS running_total
FROM orders;

Stored Procedures

Parameterized stored procedure

A basic proc with optional date-range filters (T-SQL syntax).

CREATE PROCEDURE GetCustomerOrders
    @CustomerId INT,
    @StartDate  DATE = NULL,
    @EndDate    DATE = NULL
AS
BEGIN
    SET NOCOUNT ON;

    SELECT
        order_id,
        order_date,
        total_amount
    FROM orders
    WHERE customer_id = @CustomerId
        AND (@StartDate IS NULL OR order_date >= @StartDate)
        AND (@EndDate   IS NULL OR order_date <= @EndDate)
    ORDER BY order_date DESC;
END;
-- Call it: EXEC GetCustomerOrders @CustomerId = 101, @StartDate = '2026-01-01';

Upsert / Merge

MERGE (upsert) from a staging table

Insert new rows and update matching ones in a single statement.

MERGE INTO customers AS target
USING staging_customers AS source
    ON target.customer_id = source.customer_id
WHEN MATCHED THEN
    UPDATE SET
        target.customer_name = source.customer_name,
        target.email         = source.email,
        target.updated_at    = GETDATE()
WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN
    INSERT (customer_id, customer_name, email, created_at)
    VALUES (source.customer_id, source.customer_name, source.email, GETDATE());

🎨 Color Picker & Converter

Pick a color (or type a value) and get HEX, RGB, HSL, HSV, and CMYK instantly — copy any format with one click.

HEX

#FACC15

RGB

rgb(250, 204, 21)

RGB Percent

rgb(98%, 80%, 8%)

HSL

hsl(46, 96%, 53%)

HSV / HSB

hsv(46, 92%, 98%)

CMYK

cmyk(0%, 18%, 92%, 2%)

CSV ⇄ JSON Converter

Paste CSV or JSON and convert between them. Handles quoted fields, embedded commas, and nested-safe escaping.

Input

Output

SQL Query Explainer

Paste a SQL query and get a plain-English, structured breakdown of what it does. Pattern-based — works fully offline, no AI involved.

SQL Query

Plain-English Breakdown

Unit Converter

Convert data sizes and time durations. Pick a category, enter a value, and see it converted to every other unit.

Unit Converter — Data Size & Time Converter (Bytes to TB, Seconds to Years)

This Unit Converter converts data storage sizes (bytes through petabytes) and time durations (milliseconds through years) into every related unit at once. It's built for developers and analysts who need a quick bytes to gigabytes converter while sizing a database or estimating a file transfer, or who need to convert a duration like seconds into a more readable unit like hours or days. Enter a value, pick a category and starting unit, and see it converted everywhere at once.

⚡ Key Takeaways

Converts data size (bytes to petabytes) and time (milliseconds to years) instantly.
Uses binary (1,024-based) units for data size, matching how operating systems report file sizes.
All unit values update live as you type, with no separate convert step.
A quick way to sanity-check storage estimates or API duration values.

What, Who, When & Why

What it's for	Converts data sizes (bytes to petabytes) and time durations (milliseconds to years) into every related unit at once.
Who it's for	Developers and analysts estimating storage needs or converting durations from logs and APIs.
When to use it	When sizing a database, estimating a file transfer, or converting a duration into a more readable unit.
Why it's needed	Manually calculating binary (1,024-based) conversions between data units is error-prone, and duration units in logs are often in an inconvenient scale.
Best way to use it	Confirm whether a spec sheet uses binary (1,024) or decimal (1,000) units, since this tool uses binary and results can differ from decimal sources.

How to Use the Unit Converter

Choose a category: Data Size or Time.
Enter the value you want to convert.
Select the unit your value is currently in (the "from" unit).
The result updates instantly, showing your value converted into every other unit in that category.

Conversion Formula

Data size conversions use binary (base-1024) multiples, which is the standard used by operating systems for file sizes:

Unit	Bytes
1 KB	1,024 B
1 MB	1,024 KB = 1,048,576 B
1 GB	1,024 MB
1 TB	1,024 GB
1 PB	1,024 TB

Time conversions use standard fixed-length units: 60 seconds per minute, 60 minutes per hour, 24 hours per day, 7 days per week, and 365 days per year.

Example

Entering 1 GB and converting shows:

B      = 1073741824
KB     = 1048576
MB     = 1024
GB     = 1
TB     = 0.000977

This makes it easy to answer questions like "how many megabytes are in a gigabyte" (1,024) or "how many gigabytes is 500,000 KB" without doing the arithmetic by hand. The same live-updating approach works for time — entering 90 minutes instantly shows the equivalent in seconds, hours, days, and beyond.

Data Size Scale — Each Step is 1,024× Larger

1 byte

1,024 B

1,024 KB

1,024 MB

1,024 GB

1,024 TB

Key Features

Converts data size across six units at once: bytes, KB, MB, GB, TB, PB.
Converts time across seven units at once: milliseconds, seconds, minutes, hours, days, weeks, years.
All conversions update live as you type — no separate "convert" click needed.
One-click copy of the full conversion table.

Practical Use Cases

Estimating storage needs: convert an expected data volume in MB into GB or TB for capacity planning.
Understanding file sizes: quickly check how many megabytes a multi-gigabyte file actually is.
Converting durations: turn a duration given in seconds (common in logs and APIs) into a more readable unit like hours or days.
Sanity-checking calculations: verify a data transfer time estimate by converting between size and known transfer rates.
Comparing storage plans: convert between GB and TB when comparing cloud storage or hosting plan sizes.

Tips for Best Results

Double-check whether a spec sheet or vendor is using binary (1,024-based) or decimal (1,000-based) units, since this tool uses binary and results may differ slightly from decimal-based sources.
Use the time category to quickly sanity-check API rate limits or timeout values expressed in seconds or milliseconds.
Copy the full conversion table when documenting size or duration specs for a technical document.

Related Terminology

Data size units are commonly measured in binary multiples of 1,024 (as this tool does, matching how operating systems report file sizes), though some contexts use decimal multiples of 1,000 (as some hard drive manufacturers do) — this is a well-known source of confusion when a "1TB" drive shows less than 1TB of usable space in your operating system.

Important Considerations

Because this tool uses binary (1,024-based) multiples for data size, values may differ slightly from tools that use decimal (1,000-based) multiples — both are valid conventions used in different contexts, so it's worth confirming which convention a given system or spec uses when precision matters, especially for storage capacity planning or purchasing decisions.

Related Tools

Working with timestamps instead of durations? The Epoch Converter converts Unix timestamps to human-readable dates. Need to generate a sequence of dates instead? Try the Date Range Generator.

Frequently Asked Questions

How many megabytes are in a gigabyte?

1 gigabyte equals 1,024 megabytes, using the binary convention this tool follows (the same one operating systems use to report file sizes).

Does this use 1,000 or 1,024 for data size conversions?

This tool uses 1,024 (binary) for each step between units — B to KB, KB to MB, and so on — matching how most operating systems calculate file and storage sizes.

Can I convert time durations as well as data sizes?

Yes, switch the category to Time to convert between milliseconds, seconds, minutes, hours, days, weeks, and years.

Does the converter update automatically as I type?

Yes, all unit values update live as soon as you change the input value, category, or starting unit.

Why might my drive show less storage than advertised?

Manufacturers often use decimal (1,000-based) units for advertised capacity, while operating systems report usable space using binary (1,024-based) units — this mismatch is why a "1TB" drive typically shows a slightly smaller number in your file explorer.

Time Till

Track how many days are left until any number of dates — deadlines, launches, deliveries. Optionally count business days only.

⏱ Pomodoro / Focus Timer

Classic work/break focus timer. Runs entirely in this tab — leaving or refreshing the page resets it.

Focus Session

25:00

Focus (min)

Break (min)

Cycles completed

QR Code Generator

Turn any text or URL into a scannable QR code — generated 100% in your browser, nothing sent anywhere.

Type something to generate a QR code.

🧩 Flow Planner

Sketch out flows and diagrams with shapes and connectors. Double-click a shape to rename it, drag to move, and export the whole board as a PNG.

🗄️ ER Diagram Designer

Sketch database schemas visually — add tables, define columns with types and keys, and draw relationships between them. Export the finished diagram as a PNG.

Free • Browser-Based • No Sign-Up

Tools for analysts, developers & QA engineers

33 free, browser-based utilities — text and list tools, SQL helpers, converters, and small productivity apps. Everything runs locally; nothing you type or paste is ever uploaded.

📊

For Analysts

Clean lists, build SQL fragments, and reshape data without opening a spreadsheet.

💻

For Developers

Format SQL, convert data formats, and handle everyday text and encoding tasks.

🧪

For QA Engineers

Generate test data, compare text output, and sanitize queries before sharing them.

⚙️ Settings

Archived Notes

Unit Converter — Data Size & Time Converter (Bytes to TB, Seconds to Years)

⚡ Key Takeaways

What, Who, When & Why

How to Use the Unit Converter

Conversion Formula

Example

Key Features

Practical Use Cases

Tips for Best Results

Related Terminology

Important Considerations

Related Tools

Frequently Asked Questions

How many megabytes are in a gigabyte?

Does this use 1,000 or 1,024 for data size conversions?

Can I convert time durations as well as data sizes?

Does the converter update automatically as I type?

Why might my drive show less storage than advertised?

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